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Tuesday, May 06, 2025

6: Pakistan

Trump’s Trade War
Peace For Taiwan Is Possible
The Last Age of War, The First Age of Peace: Lord Kalki, Prophecies, and the Path to Global Redemption
AOC 2028: : The Future of American Progressivism

Beyond Motion: How Robots Will Redefine The Art Of Movement
ChatGPT For Business: A Workbook
Becoming an AI-First Organization
Quantum Computing: Applications And Implications
Challenges In AI Safety
AI-Era Social Network: Reimagined for Truth, Trust & Transformation

Indian Army's Satellite Capabilities

The Indian Army's satellite capabilities, primarily managed through the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) and the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO), are advanced and have significantly bolstered India's military surveillance and intelligence-gathering capabilities. Below is an assessment of their satellite capabilities and their effectiveness in overseeing terrorist activities inside Pakistani territory, based on available information and strategic analysis.

Indian Army's Satellite Capabilities

1. Overview of Satellite Network:

- Current Fleet: India operates over 50 satellites, many of which serve dual civilian-military purposes. Approximately 13-15 satellites are dedicated to or have significant military applications, including reconnaissance, surveillance, and communication. (https://byjus.com/free-ias-prep/eyes-in-the-sky-military-satellite-rstv-in-depth/) (https://x.com/ETDefence/status/1101050534310674433)

- Key Satellites:

- Cartosat Series: High-resolution imaging satellites (e.g., Cartosat-2, Cartosat-3) provide sub-meter resolution (down to 0.25 meters for Cartosat-3), enabling detailed mapping and surveillance of terrain and infrastructure. (https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0265964617300929) (https://x.com/ETDefence/status/1101050534310674433)

- RISAT Series: Radar Imaging Satellites (e.g., RISAT-1, RISAT-2, EOS-09) use Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) for all-weather, day-night imaging. RISAT-2B, for instance, has a 0.5-meter resolution, capable of detecting objects under cover or in adverse conditions. (https://byjus.com/free-ias-prep/eyes-in-the-sky-military-satellite-rstv-in-depth/) (https://x.com/TheLegateIN/status/1721185943317877035)

- GSAT-7/7A: Dedicated military communication satellites for secure, real-time data transfer across the Indian armed forces, particularly the Navy and Air Force. (https://x.com/ETDefence/status/1101050534310674433)

- EMISAT: An electronic intelligence (ELINT) satellite launched in 2019 for the DRDO, designed to intercept and analyze electronic signals, enhancing situational awareness along borders. (https://byjus.com/free-ias-prep/eyes-in-the-sky-military-satellite-rstv-in-depth/)

- Coverage: Indian satellites can map approximately 770,000 square kilometers of Pakistan’s 880,000 square kilometers of land area with high-resolution imagery (0.65 meters or better), providing commanders with detailed intelligence.

2. Technological Advancements:

- All-Weather Capability: SAR-equipped satellites like RISAT-2 and EOS-09 ensure continuous monitoring regardless of weather or light conditions, critical for tracking dynamic activities such as troop movements or militant operations. (https://byjus.com/free-ias-prep/eyes-in-the-sky-military-satellite-rstv-in-depth/)

- Real-Time Intelligence: While current satellites provide near-real-time data, India is working toward real-time coverage with plans for a constellation of 52 surveillance satellites under the Space-Based Surveillance (SBS) Project Phase 3, costing $3 billion. This will include visual, SAR, and infrared imaging for 24/7 monitoring of Pakistan and parts of China. (https://x.com/TheLegateIN/status/1844597121368064474)

- Minisatellites and ASAT: The DRDO is developing minisatellites for communication, navigation, and GPS services, alongside anti-satellite (ASAT) capabilities like the Kinetic Energy ASAT (KE-ASAT) to counter hostile satellites. (https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0265964617300929)

3. Strategic Developments:

- Space-Based Surveillance Project: Approved by the Cabinet Committee on Security, this project aims to deploy a robust network of satellites for continuous border surveillance, significantly enhancing India’s ability to monitor adversarial activities. (https://x.com/TheLegateIN/status/1844597121368064474)

- Limitations: Despite advancements, India’s satellite network currently lacks full 24/7 real-time coverage over Pakistan due to orbital constraints and the number of satellites. This gap is being addressed through the SBS project. (https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0265964617300929) (https://x.com/grok/status/1919702397921984909)

Oversight of Terrorist Activity in Pakistani Territory

1. Effectiveness of Surveillance:

- Border and Cross-Border Monitoring: Indian satellites, particularly Cartosat and RISAT, are extensively used to monitor Pakistan’s military installations, missile launch sites, and border areas along the Line of Control (LoC). They have proven effective in tracking militant movements and infrastructure, such as training camps, in Pakistan-administered Kashmir and other regions. (https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0265964617300929) (https://byjus.com/free-ias-prep/eyes-in-the-sky-military-satellite-rstv-in-depth/)

- Specific Instances:

- In 2019, post-Balakot airstrikes, the Indian Air Force used satellite imagery from Cartosat and RISAT to assess damage to a Jaish-e-Mohammed (JeM) camp in Pakistan, demonstrating their utility in post-strike analysis. (https://byjus.com/free-ias-prep/eyes-in-the-sky-military-satellite-rstv-in-depth/)

- RISAT-2B was used to assess damage at Pakistan Air Force’s Mianwali base after an attack in 2023, highlighting its role in cross-border intelligence. (https://x.com/TheLegateIN/status/1721185943317877035)

- ELINT Capabilities: EMISAT and other signals intelligence (SIGINT) platforms allow India to intercept communications and electronic signals from militant groups and Pakistani military units, aiding in identifying terrorist networks and their backers. (https://byjus.com/free-ias-prep/eyes-in-the-sky-military-satellite-rstv-in-depth/)

2. Challenges in Oversight:

- Real-Time Gaps: While India’s satellites provide high-resolution imagery, the lack of continuous real-time coverage limits the ability to track fast-moving terrorist activities or respond instantaneously to emerging threats. (https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0265964617300929)

- Pakistan’s Countermeasures: Pakistan, with access to China’s military space capabilities (e.g., PRSS-1, PakTES-1A), has its own surveillance satellites, which it uses to monitor Indian activities. This creates a mutual surveillance dynamic, potentially allowing Pakistan to conceal or relocate terrorist infrastructure. (https://www.gatewayhouse.in/pak-satellites-india/) (https://x.com/grok/status/1919702397921984909)

- Dense Terrain and Urban Cover: Pakistan’s Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA) and urban centers pose challenges for satellite-based detection of small-scale terrorist activities, as militants often operate in concealed or densely populated areas. (https://ctc.westpoint.edu/the-pakistan-army-and-its-role-in-fata/)

3. Strategic Implications:

- Deterrence and Intelligence: India’s satellite capabilities contribute to its strategic deterrence by providing near-real-time intelligence on Pakistan’s military and terrorist activities. This has been critical in operations like the 2016 surgical strikes and 2019 Balakot airstrikes, where satellite data guided planning and execution. (https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0265964617300929) (https://byjus.com/free-ias-prep/eyes-in-the-sky-military-satellite-rstv-in-depth/)

- Escalation Risks: Pakistan perceives India’s satellite dominance as a threat, particularly due to its ability to monitor ballistic missile sites and nuclear installations. This has prompted Pakistan to shift toward full-spectrum deterrence, including tactical nuclear weapons and its own satellite program, raising the risk of escalation in response to Indian oversight. (https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0265964617300929)

- Accusations and Deniability: India frequently accuses Pakistan of supporting cross-border terrorism, citing satellite and SIGINT data, as seen after the 2025 Pahalgam attack. However, Pakistan denies these claims, and the lack of publicly shared evidence (to protect intelligence sources) limits international corroboration. (https://www.nbcnews.com/world/asia/pakistan-india-kashmir-terror-attack-intelligence-strike-nuclear-rcna203651) (https://www.reuters.com/world/india/indian-army-chief-visit-kashmir-aftermath-pahalgam-attack-2025-04-25/)

Comparative Context

- India vs. Pakistan: India’s satellite capabilities are significantly more advanced than Pakistan’s, which relies heavily on Chinese assistance. Pakistan’s PRSS-1 and PakTES-1A provide military surveillance but lack the resolution and coverage of India’s Cartosat or RISAT systems. (https://www.gatewayhouse.in/pak-satellites-india/) (https://x.com/ETDefence/status/1101050534310674433)

- China’s Influence: Pakistan’s access to China’s Beidou navigation system and military satellites partially offsets India’s advantage, but India’s indigenous capabilities and larger satellite fleet give it an edge in regional surveillance. (https://x.com/grok/status/1919702397921984909)

Critical Analysis

While India’s satellite capabilities are robust and among the best in the region, they are not without limitations. The inability to maintain constant real-time coverage over Pakistan restricts the Indian Army’s ability to monitor transient terrorist activities comprehensively. Moreover, Pakistan’s strategic use of deniability, combined with its own surveillance and Chinese support, complicates India’s efforts to attribute and act on terrorist activities within Pakistani territory. The planned SBS Phase 3 project will likely address many of these gaps, but until then, India relies on a combination of satellite data, human intelligence (HUMINT), and SIGINT to maintain oversight.

The narrative of India’s accusations against Pakistan for supporting terrorism is supported by Indian satellite data and intelligence, but the lack of transparent evidence sharing (to protect sources and methods) often leads to skepticism internationally. Conversely, Pakistan’s claims of Indian-sponsored militancy (e.g., in Balochistan or via Afghanistan) lack credible satellite-based evidence, suggesting an asymmetry in space-based intelligence capabilities. (https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20250427-india-and-pakistan-troops-exchange-fire-in-kashmir)

Conclusion

The Indian Army’s satellite capabilities are advanced, with high-resolution imaging, all-weather radar, and ELINT systems providing significant oversight of terrorist activities in Pakistani territory. They enable detailed monitoring of border areas, military installations, and militant infrastructure, as demonstrated in past operations. However, gaps in real-time coverage and challenges posed by terrain, Pakistani countermeasures, and diplomatic deniability limit their effectiveness. Ongoing investments in a larger satellite constellation will likely enhance India’s capabilities, but the strategic cat-and-mouse game with Pakistan’s own space and terrorist tactics will continue to shape the efficacy of this oversight.

6: India

The Likes of Warren Buffett We Will Never See Again In an age of insecurity, Mr. Buffett was an anchor of endurance. Since he took the helm of Berkshire — on May 10, 1965 — General Motors, then the largest American corporation, has greeted 11 new chief executives. Sears, Roebuck, the biggest retailer, has vanished from the scene. Eleven U.S. presidents have come and gone (two of them having survived impeachment and one forced to resign), and Coca-Cola changed its formula, but Mr. Buffett didn’t change his. ......... Berkshire’s stock that day in May closed at $18 a share. When he delivered the news, it was above $809,000 — almost 45,000 times as high. Over the same span, the Dow Jones industrial average is up just under 45 times. ......... he is also among the greatest corporate leaders. ......... it was his character. ........ He revered the institutions of capitalism; most especially, he treated the executive’s duty to shareholders as a sacred trust. ......... Lest he be accused of violating that trust, he capped his annual salary at $100,000. He never took a stock option (the unholy tool by which chief executives expropriate a piece of the business from the shareholders for whom they are fiduciaries). .........

Where in Congress, the media or government is a leader of such principle?

........... “Warren Buffett represents everything that is good about American capitalism and America itself.” ......... unwavering focus on the long term. ......... “We don’t do anything based on its impact on quarterly and annual earnings.” He added, “What counts is where we are five or 10 or 20 years from now.” ........... His ability to look past the next set of numbers is as rare in business as it is in politics. It required an internal value system, a willingness to think for himself. .......... He invested in Coca-Cola in the late 1980s and in Apple starting in the mid-2010s based on his evaluation of the publicly reported data. Every investor on the planet had the same information. .......... I would call from time to time (he even kept the same number) and got right through. Never did I hear, “He is in a meeting.” ............ he would answer their questions, he said, “in the manner of a fellow who has never met a lawyer.” ............ the most curious aspect of his celebrity — the annual trek of thousands of Buffett cultists and other shareholders to his capitalist Woodstock in Omaha. .......... unvarnished answers delivered with his Cornhusker simplicity (and his razor wit).

Proof Trump Has No Idea How the Trade Deficit Works There are many reasons President Trump should not be pushing Congress to pass huge tax cuts, but here’s one you may not have heard: Budget deficits and trade deficits are twins. When the former go up, so, generally, do the latter. So at the same moment Mr. Trump is upending the global economy in a feckless attempt to eliminate America’s trade deficit, he’s essentially pressuring Congress to increase it. .......... Despite DOGE’s grandiose claims, noninterest spending since Mr. Trump’s inauguration is an estimated 9 percent higher than for the same period last year. Meanwhile, the I.R.S. work force is being significantly reduced, which will make it harder to collect taxes. And no, the revenue from tariffs won’t make up the difference. Nor would the spending cuts in the budget Mr. Trump just proposed for next year. ......... There is nothing wrong with a trade deficit per se. Imports are good and something we value. And there is definitely nothing wrong with bilateral trade deficits. It makes sense that the United States runs a trade deficit with Lesotho, which sells us diamonds but does not buy much of our exports, while running a trade surplus with Brazil, which needs our energy resources to fuel its economy.

Warren Buffett knocks tariffs and protectionism: ‘Trade should not be a weapon’ “I do think that the more prosperous the rest of the world becomes, it won’t be at our expense, the more prosperous we’ll become, and the safer we’ll feel, and your children will feel someday.” .......... Trade and tariffs “can be an act of war,” added the legendary investor. “And I think it’s led to bad things. Just the attitudes it’s brought out. In the United States, I mean, we should be looking to trade with the rest of the world and we should do what we do best and they should do what they do best.” ......... “It’s a big mistake, in my view, when you have seven and a half billion people that don’t like you very well, and you got 300 million that are crowing in some way about how well they’ve done - I don’t think it’s right, and I don’t think it’s wise,” Buffett said. “The United States won. I mean, we have become an incredibly important country, starting from nothing 250 years ago. There’s not been anything like it.” ............. Buffett has been in a defensive mode, selling stocks for 10 straight quarters. Berkshire dumped more than $134 billion worth of stock in 2024, mainly due to reductions in Berkshire’s two largest equity holdings — Apple and Bank of America. As a result of the selling spree, Berkshire’s enormous pile of cash grew to yet another record, at $347 billion at the end of March.

6: Harvard

Palki Sharma: India (YouTuber); Keyu Jin: China (Academic)

6: Canada: Not For Sale (Video Of The Year)

The Search for the Ninth Planet: Unveiling the Solar System’s Hidden Giant

The Search for the Ninth Planet: Unveiling the Solar System’s Hidden Giant

For centuries, humanity’s understanding of the solar system has evolved in tandem with technological innovation and scientific imagination. From the discovery of Uranus in 1781 to Pluto’s controversial reclassification as a dwarf planet in 2006, the celestial inventory of our solar neighborhood has been anything but static. In recent years, a new chapter has emerged in this ongoing saga — the search for the elusive “Ninth Planet,” also known as Planet Nine. This hypothetical planet, believed to exist in the far reaches of the Kuiper Belt, has captivated astronomers with its potential to reshape our understanding of the solar system’s architecture.

The Origins of the Hypothesis

The idea of a ninth planet was revived in 2016 when astronomers Konstantin Batygin and Mike Brown of Caltech published a paper proposing the existence of a massive planet far beyond Neptune. Their proposal was based on the observed clustering of the orbits of several distant Kuiper Belt Objects (KBOs). These icy bodies, located in the outer solar system, exhibited unusual orbital alignments that couldn’t be easily explained by known gravitational forces. Batygin and Brown suggested that a yet-undetected planet, approximately five to ten times the mass of Earth, could be shepherding these objects into their eccentric orbits through gravitational influence.

This theory was not born in a vacuum. Historical precedent, such as the discovery of Neptune due to perturbations in Uranus’s orbit, lent credence to the notion that unseen gravitational forces might hint at hidden planetary bodies. However, unlike Neptune, Planet Nine does not cause noticeable perturbations in the orbits of the known planets, making its detection far more challenging.

Characteristics of the Hypothetical Planet

According to current models, Planet Nine is thought to reside on an elliptical orbit that takes it anywhere from 400 to 800 astronomical units (AU) from the Sun — over ten times farther than Neptune’s orbit. A single orbit around the Sun could take between 10,000 and 20,000 years. It is hypothesized to be a cold, gaseous world, perhaps a mini-Neptune, and may have formed closer to the Sun before being flung outward by gravitational interactions with Jupiter or Saturn in the early solar system.

Due to its extreme distance and expected low reflectivity, Planet Nine would be exceedingly faint. It would not be visible to the naked eye and remains beyond the reach of most current telescopes. Nevertheless, next-generation observatories like the Vera C. Rubin Observatory (formerly LSST) may possess the sensitivity to detect such an object, should it exist.

Challenges and Counterarguments

The search for Planet Nine is not without controversy. Some scientists argue that the observed orbital clustering of distant KBOs may result from observational bias — a statistical illusion caused by where and how telescopes have searched the sky. As more distant objects are cataloged, some of the clustering patterns have become less pronounced, casting doubt on the necessity of invoking a massive unseen planet to explain the data.

Moreover, alternate theories have been proposed. One suggests that instead of a single massive object, the clustering could be the result of the collective gravitational influence of many smaller objects in the distant Kuiper Belt — a phenomenon known as “self-gravity.” Another more speculative idea is that Planet Nine could actually be a primordial black hole, formed in the early universe and captured by the Sun’s gravity — though this hypothesis is far more difficult to test.

Implications of Discovery

If Planet Nine is eventually discovered, it would mark a monumental leap forward in planetary science. It would prompt a redefinition of our understanding of planetary formation and solar system dynamics. Its existence would also suggest that our solar system is not as neatly bounded as previously thought, and it would raise new questions about how many other such planets might exist in other star systems.

On a cultural level, the discovery of a new planet would capture public imagination much like Pluto did when it was first discovered in 1930. It would also validate decades of theoretical modeling and vindicate astronomers who have devoted their careers to exploring the edges of our cosmic backyard.

Conclusion

The search for the Ninth Planet represents the spirit of modern astronomy — a blend of rigorous science, advanced technology, and boundless curiosity. Whether Planet Nine is eventually found or the mystery is explained by other means, the endeavor itself deepens our appreciation of the vast, complex, and still mysterious solar system we call home. In the end, the search is not just for a planet, but for greater knowledge about the forces that have shaped our celestial neighborhood, and, by extension, the universe beyond.

🪐 Visualizing Planet Nine’s Hypothetical Orbit

oaicite:2 (Planetary Society)

Image Credit: Caltech/R. Hurt (IPAC); Diagram created using WorldWide Telescope

This diagram illustrates the orbits of six Kuiper Belt objects (shown in magenta) that have orbits exclusively beyond Neptune. Their closest points to the Sun (perihelia) appear to cluster in a similar region of space. The yellow ellipse represents the proposed orbit of Planet Nine, which could explain this clustering through its gravitational influence. (Planetary Society)

🔭 Key Features of the Diagram

Magenta Orbits: Represent six distant Kuiper Belt objects with similar orbital alignments.
Yellow Orbit: Depicts the hypothesized path of Planet Nine, suggesting it has a highly elongated orbit that is anti-aligned with the clustered Kuiper Belt objects.
Central Circle: Indicates the position of the Sun, with the inner planetary orbits (including Neptune) nested within.(California Institute of Technology)

This visual aids in understanding how Planet Nine's gravitational pull could be influencing the orbits of distant objects in the Kuiper Belt, leading to the observed clustering.

Harnessing the Sun from Space: China's Ambitious Leap into Orbital Solar Power

Harnessing the Sun from Space: China's Ambitious Leap into Orbital Solar Power

China’s announcement of a space-based solar power plant represents one of the most ambitious and potentially transformative energy projects in human history. By launching a one-kilometer-wide solar energy collection facility into geostationary orbit—36,000 kilometers above the Earth—China is attempting to redefine not only the scope of renewable energy generation, but also the global energy economy. If successful, this endeavor could permanently shift the paradigm from fossil fuels to clean, continuous, space-based solar power, establishing a cornerstone for a sustainable future.

The Concept: Solar Power from Space

At the heart of the project lies a revolutionary idea: to collect solar energy from space and beam it back to Earth. Unlike terrestrial solar panels that are limited by cloud cover, atmospheric diffusion, nighttime darkness, and seasonal variation, solar collectors in geostationary orbit can receive uninterrupted sunlight 24/7. This positioning enables a theoretical energy capture rate that is several times higher than any ground-based system.

The solar power station will consist of massive photovoltaic arrays that will collect solar radiation, convert it into electrical energy, and then transform that energy into microwave beams. These beams will then be directed toward Earth, where they will be received by specially designed ground stations and converted back into electricity. This wireless power transmission system, while still in the experimental stage, has already shown promise in small-scale demonstrations and holds the potential to deliver vast quantities of energy with minimal losses.

Engineering Marvel and Strategic Vision

China began working on this visionary project in 2019, marking a decisive commitment to become a global leader in both space exploration and clean energy innovation. According to Long Lehao, a senior Chinese aerospace engineer, the project’s scale and significance are comparable to the construction of the Three Gorges Dam, which currently holds the title of the world’s largest hydroelectric power station. The analogy is apt: just as the Three Gorges Dam reshaped China's energy infrastructure and power capacity, the orbital solar plant could transform global energy production.

To transport such a massive structure into space, China plans to use its upcoming Long March-9 rocket, a heavy-lift vehicle designed to support major space endeavors including lunar and Mars missions. The sheer engineering challenge—constructing, launching, assembling, and operating a kilometer-scale solar array in orbit—puts this project among the most complex ever conceived by human beings.

Energy Potential and Global Impact

What sets this project apart from other renewable energy efforts is the scale of its ambition. According to early projections, the energy produced annually by this single space-based plant could be equivalent to all the remaining recoverable oil reserves on Earth. That estimate, if even partially accurate, would revolutionize energy geopolitics and climate strategy. Instead of relying on depleting fossil fuels, the world could tap into a nearly inexhaustible source of power available year-round, independent of terrestrial constraints.

This level of output also introduces the potential for global energy equity. Countries lacking access to oil, gas, or even adequate sunlight could receive clean power via microwave reception systems. Furthermore, by removing the dependency on finite and geopolitically sensitive fossil fuel supplies, space-based solar could reduce international conflicts over energy resources and drastically cut global carbon emissions.

The Technological and Logistical Challenges

However, the pathway to realization is not without significant challenges. First and foremost is microwave transmission technology. Beaming energy from space to Earth must be done with extreme precision to ensure safety and efficiency. Researchers must mitigate the risks of energy dispersion, atmospheric interference, and potential health hazards from high-intensity microwaves.

Secondly, the construction and maintenance of such a large structure in space remains a formidable task. Assembling kilometer-wide solar panels in orbit will require advanced robotics, autonomous systems, and possibly human crews operating in space. Maintenance and upgrades could necessitate a permanent infrastructure in low Earth orbit or even lunar industrial bases to reduce launch costs and improve sustainability.

Cost is another crucial factor. Although prices for space launches and photovoltaic materials have dropped dramatically, the initial investment in a space-based solar plant of this scale is likely to run into tens of billions of dollars. The return on this investment will depend on technological breakthroughs, mass production of components, and global adoption of receiving infrastructure.

Strategic and Diplomatic Dimensions

Beyond its technical and environmental implications, China’s space solar initiative also has significant strategic value. If successful, it would cement China’s position as a global leader in both clean energy and space innovation. It could also serve as a soft power tool—allowing China to offer clean energy to developing countries as part of its Belt and Road Initiative or as a diplomatic alternative to fossil fuel-based development paths.

The project may also spark a new era of space-based energy competition. Other nations, particularly the United States, the European Union, Japan, and India, may accelerate their own orbital solar programs in response. This could be beneficial overall, leading to a wave of innovations, international collaborations, and ultimately, the global commercialization of space-based solar energy.

A Vision for the Future

The Chinese orbital solar plant is more than a scientific project—it is a statement of intent. It asserts that the future of energy does not lie beneath the ground, but far above our heads. By combining advances in aerospace engineering, photovoltaics, and microwave transmission, China is aiming to leapfrog decades of energy infrastructure development in one monumental step.

This endeavor reflects a profound truth about our age: the convergence of space exploration and environmental sustainability is no longer science fiction. It is a practical, even necessary path forward as we seek to decarbonize the global economy, meet rising energy demands, and protect the planet for future generations.

If China’s orbital solar station achieves its goals, it will not only power cities—it may power a new chapter in human history, where Earth and space work together in harmony to support life on our planet.

☀️ How China's Space-Based Solar Power System Works

1. Solar Energy Collection in Space

A massive solar array, approximately 1 kilometer wide, is deployed in geostationary orbit, 36,000 kilometers above Earth.
Positioned to face the Sun continuously, it captures uninterrupted solar radiation.(Friends of Socialist China)

2. Conversion to Microwaves

The collected solar energy is converted into electrical power.
This electricity is then transformed into microwave beams using advanced transmission technology.

3. Transmission to Earth

Microwave beams are directed toward specific receiving stations on Earth's surface.
The transmission is designed to minimize energy loss and ensure safety.

4. Ground Reception and Power Distribution

Ground-based rectennas (rectifying antennas) receive the microwave energy.
The microwaves are converted back into electrical energy.
This electricity is then fed into the local power grid for consumption.(Max Polyakov)

This innovative approach enables the generation of clean, renewable energy without the limitations of weather or daylight, potentially providing a consistent power supply to meet global energy demands.

Monday, May 05, 2025

5: Israel

Voters see Trump as 'a failure and a would-be dictator' with honeymoon over: analyst
Opinion: Trump is destroying his own presidency — let’s finish the job

It's suprisingly hard to show Asia to US trade on a globe because of how big the Pacific Ocean is. pic.twitter.com/s0XexHcutK
— Ryan Petersen (@typesfast) May 4, 2025

I have taught an entrepreneurship class for 15 years. I just had an online Q&A with a group of entrepreneurs taking a similar class. As an experiment, I put their questions into o3.

The answers were all very good. (The examples here are not from the students, but are typical) pic.twitter.com/pWoqb9UZuG
— Ethan Mollick (@emollick) May 5, 2025

Rohan trained GPT-5 and saw AGI, so he is leaving OpenAI to embrace the singularity. https://t.co/RIyJ4j8atu pic.twitter.com/zLlNdKWO35
— Yuchen Jin (@Yuchenj_UW) May 5, 2025

I think it would be good if American protectionists were minimally curious about the industries they intend to save.

- Liberation Day was dedicated to restoring US manufacturing ... but manufacturing firms say prices are rising and sales prospects falling

- The reciprocal… pic.twitter.com/89FVdHNs1S
— Derek Thompson (@DKThomp) May 5, 2025