Showing posts with label ai. Show all posts
Showing posts with label ai. Show all posts

Friday, April 28, 2023

28: ChatGPT

Watch an A.I. Learn to Write by Reading Nothing but Shakespeare They are trained by going through mountains of internet text, repeatedly guessing the next few letters and then grading themselves against the real thing. ........ The largest language models are trained on over a terabyte of internet text, containing hundreds of billions of words. Their training costs millions of dollars and involves calculations that take weeks or even months on hundreds of specialized computers. ........ They learn statistical patterns that piece words together into sentences and paragraphs. ........ our model has learned which letters are most frequently used in the text. You’ll see a lot of the letter “e” because that is the most common letter in English. .......... It usually doesn’t copy and paste sentences verbatim; instead, BabyGPT stitches them together, letter by letter, based on statistical patterns that it has learned from the data. ......... They can learn the form of a sonnet or a limerick, or how to code in various programming languages.

Generative because it generates words.

Pre-trained because it’s trained on a bunch of text. This step is called pre-training because many language models (like the one behind ChatGPT) go through important additional stages of training known as fine-tuning to make them less toxic and easier to interact with.

Transformers are a relatively recent breakthrough in how neural networks are wired. They were introduced in a 2017 paper by Google researchers, and are used in many of the latest A.I. advancements, from text generation to image creation.

Transformers improved upon the previous generation of neural networks — known as recurrent neural networks — by including steps that process the words of a sentence in parallel, rather than one at a time. This made them much faster.

GPT-3 was trained on up to a million times as many words as the models in this article. Scaling up to that size is a huge technical undertaking, but the underlying principles remain the same.......... As language models grow in size, they are known to develop surprising new abilities, such as the ability to answer questions, summarize text, explain jokes, continue a pattern and correct bugs in computer code. ........... Some researchers have termed these “emergent abilities” because they arise unexpectedly at a certain size and are not programmed in by hand. The A.I. researcher Sam Bowman has likened training a large language model to “buying a mystery box,” because it is difficult to predict what skills it will gain during its training, and when these skills will emerge. ............... They are also prone to inventing facts and reasoning incorrectly. Researchers do not yet understand how these models generate language, and they struggle to steer their behavior. .

Peering Into the Future of Novels, With Trained Machines Ready Who wrote it, the novelist or the technology? How about both? Stephen Marche experiments with teaching artificial intelligence to write with him, not for him. ........ The journalist and author Stephen Marche wrote “Death of an Author” using three artificial intelligence programs. Or three artificial intelligence programs wrote it with extensive plotting and prompting from Stephen Marche. It depends on how you look at it. .......... “I am the creator of this work, 100 percent,” Marche said, “but, on the other hand, I didn’t create the words.” .......... He asked if Marche was interested in using the technology to produce a murder mystery. The result of that collaboration is “Death of Author,” in which an author who uses A.I. extensively winds up dead. ......... To coax the story from his laptop, Marche used three programs, starting with ChatGPT. He ran an outline of the plot through the software, along with numerous prompts and notes. While A.I. was good at many things, especially dialogue, he said, its plots were terrible. .......... Next, he used Sudowrite, asking the program to make a sentence longer or shorter, to adopt a more conversational tone or to make the writing sound like Ernest Hemingway’s. Then he used Cohere to create what he called the best lines in the book. If he wanted to describe the smell of coffee, he trained the program with examples and then asked it to generate similes until he found one he liked. ......... “To me, the process was a bit akin to hip-hop,” he said. “If you’re making hip-hop, you don’t necessarily know how to drum, but you definitely need to know how beats work, how hooks work, and you need to be able to put them together in a meaningful way.” .

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Thursday, April 27, 2023

27: ChatGPT

You’re Using ChatGPT Wrong! Here’s How to Be Ahead of 99% of ChatGPT Users Master ChatGPT by learning prompt engineering. ........... We don’t include examples in our prompts. ..... We ignore that we can control ChatGPT’s behavior with roles....... We let ChatGPT guess stuff instead of providing it with some information. ........... This happens because we mostly use standard prompts that might help us get the job done once, but not all the time. ......... Few-shot standard prompts consist of a task description, examples, and the prompt. In this case, the prompt is the beginning of a new example that the model should complete by generating the missing text. ......... Say you want to practice for a job interview. By telling ChatGPT to “act as hiring manager” and adding more details to the prompt, you’ll be able to simulate a job interview for any position. ............ You only need to start your prompt with the words “Act as a … ” and then add as many details as possible. ............. Write [topic] in the style of an expert in [field] with 10+ years of experience. .......... "Write a witty 500-blog post on why AI will not replace humans. Write in the style of an expert in artificial intelligence with 10+ years of experience. Explain using funny examples." ............... In our example, the style of an expert in AI and adjectives such as witty and funny are adding a different touch to the text generated by ChatGPT. A side effect of this is that our text will be hard to detect by AI detectors ......... "Generate 5 facts about “AI will not replace humans” .



4 Ways to Access The New GPT-4 (2 Free Options!) OpenAI just released GPT-4. Here are some ways to access GPT-4 today! ......... it has new features like being able to understand images and generate more than 25000 words. .

https://poe.com

4 Free Prompt Engineering Courses to Join The Top 1% of ChatGPT Users Learn prompt engineering with these free resources. .

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Thursday, April 06, 2023

Learn To Use The Correct Prompts To Make The Best Of ChatGPT

Take this online course that will teach you how to use the correct prompts so as to make the best of this new technology, ChatGPT.

"Prompt Engineering 101 (For ChatGPT)"

Are you looking for a game-changing tool to take your marketing efforts to the next level? Look no further than ChatGPT, the powerful language model that uses artificial intelligence to generate high-quality content. But here's the thing – ChatGPT is only as effective as the prompts it receives. That's why you need to learn how to use the correct prompts to make the most of this innovative technology.

Introducing our online course on using the correct prompts for ChatGPT. This course is designed to teach you everything you need to know about crafting effective prompts that align with your brand and target audience. With expert guidance and real-world examples, you'll gain the skills and confidence you need to generate high-quality content that drives engagement and sales.

"Prompt Engineering 101 (For ChatGPT)"

So why should you take this course? For starters, it will help you stand out from the competition. By using ChatGPT effectively, you can generate content that resonates with your target audience and sets your brand apart. You'll also save time and money, as ChatGPT can generate high-quality content in a fraction of the time it would take to create it manually.

But most importantly, taking this course will give you a competitive edge in the ever-evolving world of marketing. As technology continues to shape the way we communicate with our customers, it's critical to stay ahead of the curve. By mastering the art of prompts for ChatGPT, you'll position yourself as a thought leader and innovator in your industry.

"Prompt Engineering 101 (For ChatGPT)"

So what are you waiting for? Sign up for our online course today and start using the power of ChatGPT to take your marketing efforts to the next level. Don't let this game-changing technology pass you by – enroll in our course and start mastering the art of prompts for ChatGPT today!

"Prompt Engineering 101 (For ChatGPT)"

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Tuesday, February 07, 2023

7: ChatGPT

Meta, Long an A.I. Leader, Tries Not to Be Left Out of the Boom It has long had technology to rival chatbots like ChatGPT, but can’t afford to back artificial intelligence that can spread misinformation and toxic content. ........ Called Galactica, it was designed for scientific research. It could instantly write its own articles, solve math problems, generate computer code and annotate images. ........ One user coaxed the chatbot into talking about the history of bears in space. When asked who runs Silicon Valley, Galactica replied, “Steve Jobs.” ........ OpenAI, the tiny San Francisco lab that made ChatGPT ........ OpenAI has taken center stage, even though Meta and many other companies have built similar technologies. ........ On Monday, Google said it would soon release an experimental chatbot called Bard. And on Tuesday, Microsoft, which has invested $13 billion in OpenAI, is holding an event where it is expected to introduce a version of its Bing search engine that uses chatbot technology. ........ Zuckerberg is directly involved in steering the initiatives, holding weekly meetings with product leaders and top A.I. researchers ........ it would “enable many new products and additional transformations within our apps.” .......... described ChatGPT as “not particularly innovative” and “nothing revolutionary” because it relied on technologies developed and deployed by Meta, Google and other companies. ......... One of its mottos — “move fast and break things” — became an anthem of Silicon Valley start-ups in the early 2010s. ......... “hacker culture,” embracing new technologies and preferring to throw small teams on them to develop them as soon as possible. ......... culminated with Mr. Zuckerberg flying to Lake Tahoe, Nev., that year to offer millions of dollars in salary and stock to A.I. researchers who had gathered for a conference.

Our City Could Become One of the World’s Greenest, but It Won’t Be Easy New York City’s buildings are responsible for over 70 percent of the city’s greenhouse gas emissions, most generated on site. ........ the carbon footprint of the average New Yorker household is still only a third to a half of what the same family would be likely to emit were it to move to a house in the suburbs or beyond. ......... From a climate perspective, living closely and densely, without the two-car garage, is the best way to live. ......... property taxes account for around a third of New York City’s $100 billion annual budget. ........... the city’s hard-to-bear summers, when the asphalt, steel and brick absorb the sun’s rays and turn the city into a heat island

ChatGPT Gets Fresh Competition Google and Baidu are set to introduce their own A.I.-powered chatbots to challenge OpenAI, Microsoft and the rising popularity of ChatGPT....... Now Google and the Chinese tech giant Baidu have unveiled their own chatbots, hoping to convince the world their efforts in so-called generative A.I. — tech that can spout off conversational text, make images and more — are just as ready for prime time.

Racing to Catch Up With ChatGPT, Google Plans Release of Its Own Chatbot The internet giant said it would begin testing its new chatbot, Bard, with a small, private group before releasing it to the public in the coming weeks. ......... In a blog post, Sundar Pichai, Google’s chief executive, also said that the company’s search engine would soon have artificial intelligence features that offered summaries of complex information. ........... they generate a wide range of digital text that can be repurposed in nearly any context, including tweets, blog posts, term papers, poetry and even computer code. ......... They are poised to remake internet search engines like Google Search and Microsoft Bing, talking digital assistants like Alexa and Siri, and email programs like Gmail and Outlook. .......... Because the chatbots learn their skills by analyzing vast amounts of text posted to the internet, they cannot distinguish between fact and fiction and can generate text that is biased against women and people of color. ......... Google has plans to release more than 20 A.I. products and features this year .......... The A.I. search engine features, which the company said would arrive soon, will try to distill complex information and multiple perspectives to give users a more conversational experience. ................ In a recent tweet, Sam Altman, OpenAI’s chief executive, said the company spent “single-digit cents” delivering each chat on the service. That translates to extremely large costs for the company, considering that millions of people are using the service. ......... Google said Bard would be a “lighter weight” version of LaMDA that would allow the company to serve up the technology at a lower cost.

Google Calls In Help From Larry Page and Sergey Brin for A.I. Fight A rival chatbot has shaken Google out of its routine, with the founders who left three years ago re-engaging and more than 20 A.I. projects in the works.......... They approved plans and pitched ideas to put more chatbot features into Google’s search engine. And they offered advice to company leaders, who have put A.I. front and center in their plans. ......... amazed users by simply explaining complex concepts and generating ideas from scratch. More important to Google, it looked as if it could offer a new way to search for information on the internet. ......... Google now intends to unveil more than 20 new products and demonstrate a version of its search engine with chatbot features this year ........ Vic Gundotra, a former senior vice president at Google, recounted that he gave Mr. Page a demonstration of a new Gmail feature around 2008. But Mr. Page was unimpressed by the effort, asking, “Why can’t it automatically write that email for you?” In 2014, Google also acquired DeepMind, a leading A.I. research lab based in London. .......... Image Generation Studio, which creates and edits images, and a third version of A.I. Test Kitchen, an experimental app for testing product prototypes. ......... Shopping Try-on, a YouTube green screen feature to create backgrounds; a wallpaper maker for the Pixel smartphone; an application called Maya that visualizes three-dimensional shoes; and a tool that could summarize videos by generating a new one ........... a tool to make it easier to build apps for Android smartphones, called Colab + Android Studio, that will generate, complete and fix code, according to the presentation. Another code generation and completion tool, called PaLM-Coder 2, has also been in the works. ........... Google executives hope to reassert their company’s status as a pioneer of A.I. The company aggressively worked on A.I. over the last decade and already has offered to a small number of people a chatbot that could rival ChatGPT, called LaMDA, or Language Model for Dialogue Applications. ........... You.com and Perplexity.ai, are already offering online search engines that let you ask questions through an online chatbot, much like ChatGPT.

How ChatGPT Kicked Off an A.I. Arms Race Even inside the company, the chatbot’s popularity has come as something of a shock. ......... GPT-4, a new A.I. model that was stunningly good at writing essays, solving complex coding problems and more ......... In the months since its debut, ChatGPT (the name was, mercifully, shortened) has become a global phenomenon. Millions of people have used it to write poetry, build apps and conduct makeshift therapy sessions. It has been embraced (with mixed results) by news publishers, marketing firms and business leaders. And it has set off a feeding frenzy of investors trying to get in on the next wave of the A.I. boom. .......... Some employees, desensitized by daily exposure to state-of-the-art A.I. systems, thought that a chatbot built on a two-year-old A.I. model might seem boring. ......... two months after its debut, ChatGPT has more than 30 million users and gets roughly five million visits a day .......... one of the fastest-growing software products in memory. (Instagram, by contrast, took nearly a year to get its first 10 million users.) ......... would begin selling a $20 monthly subscription, known as ChatGPT Plus. .......... ChatGPT’s success has vaulted OpenAI into the ranks of Silicon Valley power players. The company recently reached a $10 billion deal with Microsoft, which plans to incorporate the start-up’s technology into its Bing search engine and other products. ......... Mr. Altman has said his goal at OpenAI is to create what is known as “artificial general intelligence,” or A.G.I., an artificial intelligence that matches human intellect. He has been an outspoken champion of A.I., saying in a recent interview that its benefits for humankind could be “so unbelievably good that it’s hard for me to even imagine.” (He has also said that in a worst-case scenario, A.I. could kill us all.) .......... OpenAI is an unusual company, by Silicon Valley standards. Started in 2015 as a nonprofit research lab by a group of tech leaders including Mr. Altman, Peter Thiel, Reid Hoffman and Elon Musk, it created a for-profit subsidiary in 2019 and struck a $1 billion deal with Microsoft. It has since grown to around 375 employees .......... In addition to the $10 billion Microsoft deal, Mr. Altman has met with top executives at Apple and Google in recent weeks ........... OpenAI also inked a deal with BuzzFeed to use its technology to create A.I.-generated lists and quizzes. (The announcement more than doubled BuzzFeed’s stock price.) ........... Then there’s GPT-4, which is still scheduled to come out this year. When it does, its abilities may make ChatGPT look quaint.



Gautam Adani’s Rise Was Intertwined With India’s. Now It’s Unraveling. The tycoon often said the Adani Group’s goals were in lock step with India’s needs. Now, the company’s fortunes are crashing, a collapse whose pain will be felt across the country. ......... Gautam Adani began the year as one of the richest men who ever lived, an upstart billionaire whose conglomerate, one of India’s largest, had surged in value by 2,500 percent in five years. ........ Now, in spectacular fashion, the fortunes of his Adani Group are crashing down even faster than they had shot up — a collapse whose pain will be felt across the country, rippling through its economic and political spheres. ........... More than $110 billion in market value — roughly half of the Adani Group’s worth — has vanished in just over a week, like air from a burst balloon. The pinprick was a report by a small New York investment firm, Hindenburg Research, whose description of “brazen accounting fraud” and stock manipulation sent investors fleeing, just as the Adani Group was beginning a sale of new shares to investors, India’s biggest-ever secondary share offering. .......... Hindenburg retorted that Adani was waving the flag to obfuscate shady dealings, like the use of offshore shell companies to exaggerate its stocks’ valuations in order to paper over its excessively debt-fueled ascent. .......... The debacle could damage confidence in the rest of the Indian stock market. At their peak, Adani shares accounted for more than 6 percent of India’s two main exchanges; today, the figure is barely 3 percent. ........ Adani’s fall could jeopardize the idea of India as the world’s next great hope as a driver of global economic growth. ......... The country’s chief regulator has had a sterling reputation in the three decades since it was empowered by market-crashing stock scam. Now, the concern is that India’s financial oversight has bigger holes than believed, or that the politically connected Mr. Adani somehow got a free pass. ........ of Mr. Adani’s many entities, Adani Enterprises, the flagship, “was the only profit-making company.” ......... “It was almost lock step between the government and Adani,” Ms. Gopinath said. “That was when we all started looking at his debt position, his leveraged position, and there was something very off about the group.” ......... India is not short of companies with experience of the sort that Mr. Modi’s ambitions demand. But if debts overwhelm the Adani Group, India could find itself without an industrial champion......... Fraud and failure are hardly the image that Mr. Modi or India want to convey, this year in particular, with the country freshly minted as the world’s fifth largest economy and asserting itself more forcefully on the global stage. .......... Parliament was suspended for a second day running on Friday, as the opposition loudly demanded answers to questions about what regulators knew about the Adani Group’s finances. ......... It was the Gujarati business community that came to Mr. Modi’s aid then. Mr. Adani helped create an organization to diminish the trade association locally and, working with Mr. Modi’s state government, helped create an annual conference for investors with the name “Vibrant Gujarat.” Under Mr. Modi’s steady ......... A “Gujarat model” soon emerged, by which market-based or at least private development displaced the creaky, state-driven model of earlier governments. ......... When he ran for national office in 2014, he was able to stand as an icon of modern, tech-driven economic development. After he triumphed, he flew to Delhi, the seat of national power, on Mr. Adani’s private jet. ........... Once Mr. Modi took office, shares in Adani jumped — Adani Enterprises, one subsidiary, was suddenly worth 23 percent more — as investors seemed to calculate that closeness to the new government would bring rewards in time. ........... In the budget that Nirmala Sitharaman, India’s finance minister, delivered in the midst of Adani’s market-cap destruction, she announced that the government would be relying on a “virtuous cycle” that starts with private investment and is reinforced with public money. The Adani-Modi approach as national policy. ........... Building roads and bridges, connecting remote villages to electrical supply, even building toilets — these have all been set as visible targets, and achieved at greater speed under Mr. Modi. .......... In 2018, Adani became the operator of six profit-earning airports after the government changed rules restricting ownership to companies with aviation experience. ........ Ms. Sitharaman, the finance minister, was solemnly reading out the annual budget in Parliament, making no mention of the blood bath on India’s stock exchanges. Eventually, her silence, like that of her boss, Mr. Modi, came to seem otherworldly.

America’s Trade Deficit Surged in 2022, Nearing $1 Trillion The gap between what the United States imports and what it exports hit a record as more foreign goods came into the country. .......... The goods and services deficit reached $948.1 billion, its largest total on record, after rising $103 billion from the previous year. .......... The U.S. trade deficit in goods with Mexico, Canada, India, South Korea, Vietnam and Taiwan all grew strongly last year as manufacturers sought new sources of foreign products. ........... China, which continues to house the world’s largest concentration of factories ........ After cutting many economic ties with Russia, the European Union has turned to purchasing more energy products from the United States. ......... One beneficiary of the shift has been Mexico, now a destination for more global factories hoping to serve the United States. .......... The U.S. trade deficit with Mexico grew 20.7 percent to $130 billion.

The Pandemic Used-Car Boom Is Coming to an Abrupt End Dealership are seeing sales and prices drop as consumers tighten their belts, putting financial pressure on companies, like Carvana, that grew fast in recent years. .......... In the last 12 months, Carvana piled up debt. Its stock price has fallen more than 95 percent in the last 12 months, and three states temporarily suspended its operating license after consumer complaints. ......... The buying and selling of used cars is an enormous business. Cox Automotive expects about 36 million used vehicles will be sold in the United States this year. Fewer than half as many new cars and trucks are expected to be sold in 2023. ........ Many consumers turn to slightly used cars to avoid paying the full price of a new vehicle. For consumers with lower incomes or weak credit ratings, older used cars with a lot of miles on the odometer are often the only option. ........ In December, the average interest rate on used-car loans was 12.37 percent, up from less than 10 percent a year before ......... The son has sought to create the Amazon of used cars, a fully online retailer where shoppers can buy a car on a website or app, and have the vehicle delivered to their door.

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Wednesday, February 03, 2016

India's 21st Century

English: Ginni Rometty of IBM in 2011 during &...
English: Ginni Rometty of IBM in 2011 during "One on One: Ginni Rometty" at the Fortune Most Powerful Women Summit in Laguna Niguel, CA. (Photo credit: Wikipedia)
21st century will be India's, says IBM chairman Rometty
IBM has its biggest employee base in India, estimated to be well over 1,00,000: at least a fourth of its global workforce. ........ Rometty , on a visit for the second time in six months, said India would be at the centre of the fourth technology shift that she refers to as the cognitive era. India will not be at the centre; it will be the centre of this fourth technology shift. Remember we started with cloud, big data, and mobility, and now we have cognitive. It's going to be the most disruptive and the most transformative one," she said. IBM has invested significantly in the cognitive space, most prominently in its Watson technology . ......... dialogue framing, knowledge validation, voice synthesis, language modelling and visual analysis. .....

Rometty believes that cognitive provides "the best chance to solve a lot of humanities big problems."

21st century will be India's: Virginia Rometty, IBM
During a visit to Bengaluru, Rometty also spoke about the potential of IBM's critical cognitive computing system, Watson, and how it had the potential to completely disrupt and transform industries. ..... This century, the 21st century, will be the Indian century - and I really believe that ..... India would "be the centre of the cognitive shift". ..... the evolving technology landscape globally that is increasingly being shaped by artificially intelligent systems such as Watson. ..... "Today Watson has been broken up into a platform of 32 different capabilities, with 50 technologies under it that you can access." ..... "We are today mostly a software and services company. But we have to transform - in this transformation, we will emerge as a cognitive solutions and cloud platform company. And I say that because everything we do is part of that strategy," said Rometty. .... "an ability to help Watson see".

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