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Showing posts with label iran. Show all posts
Showing posts with label iran. Show all posts

Monday, February 16, 2026

The Mullahs’ Reckoning: Reza Pahlavi Takes His Seat — Tehran Must Negotiate or Risk Collapse

February 14 March For Iran Across The World
The Iran Solution: Dialogue, Dialogue, and More Dialogue — But First, the Diaspora Must Face the Truth
The African Sovereign Reset

 

The Mullahs’ Reckoning: Reza Pahlavi Takes His Seat — Tehran Must Negotiate or Risk Collapse

On February 14, 2026, the chill air of Munich carried a sound Tehran has long feared: the synchronized roar of a people who have lost their patience. More than a quarter-million Iranians gathered beneath a forest of pre-revolutionary Lion and Sun flags, a symbol outlawed inside Iran but resurrected abroad as an emblem of memory and defiance. Similar rallies unfolded in Los Angeles, Toronto, London, and other global capitals. In total, more than a million voices rose across continents.

They were not asking for reform. They were demanding an end.

At the center stood Reza Pahlavi, the exiled Crown Prince and son of the late Shah, Mohammad Reza Pahlavi. For decades, Pahlavi has lived in the political margins—too royal for republicans, too reformist for monarchists, too secular for Islamists. But moments of history can reorder hierarchies overnight. Munich may prove to be one of those moments.

For the first time since the 1979 revolution, the Iranian opposition appears not only energized—but consolidated around a single, recognizable figure.


The Regime’s Long Unraveling

The Islamic Republic, led by Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei, has survived wars, sanctions, and uprisings. It endured the Iran-Iraq War. It weathered waves of domestic protest—from the 1999 student movement to the 2009 Green Movement to the nationwide protests sparked by the 2022 death of Mahsa Amini.

Each time, the state relied on repression: the Revolutionary Guards, the Basij militia, prison interrogations in places like Evin Prison. Elections were tightly controlled. Dissent was criminalized. Economic mismanagement compounded the damage of sanctions. Inflation surged. The rial collapsed. Young Iranians—highly educated, digitally connected, globally aware—found themselves trapped in a system that felt frozen in time.

Externally, the regime projected strength through its so-called “Axis of Resistance,” funding and arming groups such as Hezbollah, Hamas, and Yemen’s Houthi movement. Yet that projection has come at extraordinary financial and political cost, further isolating Iran diplomatically and draining domestic resources.

Internally brittle, externally stretched, economically weakened—the regime now faces something it has long avoided: a unifying alternative.


Why Munich Matters

Exile movements often fracture under the weight of ideology, ego, and distance from the homeland. The Iranian diaspora has historically been no exception. Monarchists, secular republicans, ethnic minority activists, leftists, technocrats—each has advanced a vision for post-Islamic Republic Iran.

What made February 14 different was scale and symbolism.

The rally was not merely about nostalgia for a fallen monarchy. It was about clarity. Pahlavi has repeatedly stated he does not seek absolute rule. He has positioned himself as a transitional figure committed to a referendum that would allow Iranians to determine their own system—constitutional monarchy, republic, or otherwise.

In politics, perception often precedes reality. Munich signaled to Tehran—and to the world—that Pahlavi has crossed a threshold. He is no longer a marginal claimant. He is a negotiating actor.

That changes the equation.


A Bloodless Path Forward

Authoritarian systems rarely reform themselves voluntarily. Yet history shows that negotiated transitions—Spain after Franco, South Africa at the end of apartheid—can avert civil war when elites recognize that total repression risks total collapse.

For Tehran, the stark reality is this: it must choose between managed transition and uncontrolled implosion.

A realistic framework for a peaceful transfer of power could include:

1. A 50–50 Interim National Unity Government

An interim body composed equally of regime representatives and opposition figures led by Pahlavi. This twelve-month government would:

  • Stabilize the economy.

  • Guarantee civil liberties.

  • Prepare for internationally monitored elections.

  • Oversee the election of a Constituent Assembly.

The Constituent Assembly would draft a new secular, democratic constitution subject to national referendum.

This model preserves continuity while enabling change—a bridge rather than a rupture.

2. Immediate Strategic Freezes

To restore international confidence and reduce regional tensions, three immediate moratoriums would be required:

  • A halt to Iran’s nuclear program.

  • A halt to ballistic missile expansion.

  • A halt to financial and military support for foreign proxy groups.

These freezes would remain in place during the transition. A democratically elected government—reflecting the will of the Iranian people—would then determine long-term national policy.

3. Truth and Reconciliation

Revolutions that devour indiscriminately often give birth to new tyrannies. A post-theocratic Iran would need accountability without descending into vengeance.

A Truth and Reconciliation Commission could:

  • Investigate abuses from protest crackdowns.

  • Identify individuals responsible for torture and extrajudicial killings.

  • Offer conditional amnesty to lesser offenders in exchange for full disclosure.

Justice must be firm—but not indiscriminate. Stability depends on it.


The Risks of Refusal

If Tehran rejects negotiation, the alternatives are grim.

A sudden collapse could unleash factional infighting within the security services. Ethnic and regional tensions—long suppressed—could erupt. Refugee flows could destabilize neighboring states and Europe. Armed militias could compete for control. External powers might intervene.

History offers sobering lessons: revolutions without negotiated exits often spiral into chaos.

Yet repression cannot indefinitely substitute for legitimacy. A system that relies exclusively on force is like a dam cracking from internal pressure. It may appear solid—until it fails all at once.


The Strategic Calculation

From the regime’s perspective, negotiation may seem like surrender. But it may instead represent preservation—of personal safety, institutional continuity, and national unity.

From the opposition’s perspective, unity around Pahlavi is pragmatic. He brings name recognition, international access, and a symbolic continuity with Iran’s pre-1979 national identity. But unity must extend beyond symbolism. It must embrace women’s rights activists, labor leaders, ethnic minorities, students, and technocrats who envision a pluralistic Iran.

From the international community’s perspective, stability in Iran is not a peripheral concern. It touches energy markets, regional security, nuclear nonproliferation, and refugee flows.

The world is watching—but watching is not enough. Diplomatic channels must quietly prepare for the possibility that a negotiated transition becomes viable.


The Clock Is Ticking

The Islamic Republic has ruled for nearly half a century. Generations have grown up knowing no alternative. Yet legitimacy is not measured in years, but in consent.

February 14 may be remembered as a turning point—not because power changed hands, but because political gravity shifted.

Pahlavi now occupies a seat at the table of history. Whether Tehran acknowledges that seat is another matter.

The regime can choose dialogue—or it can gamble on force. It can choose a managed descent into a new order—or risk falling into the abyss of uncontrolled collapse.

Nations, like individuals, are sometimes offered narrow windows of transformation. When those windows close, they rarely reopen gently.

Iran stands at such a window now.

Tehran must decide: negotiate the future—or be overtaken by it.



मुल्लाओं का हिसाब: रज़ा पहलवी ने अपनी जगह ले ली है — तेहरान को बातचीत करनी होगी या पतन का जोखिम उठाना होगा

14 फ़रवरी 2026 को म्यूनिख की ठंडी हवा में एक ऐसी गूंज उठी जिससे तेहरान लंबे समय से डरता रहा है—एक ऐसे जनसमूह की सामूहिक गर्जना, जिसकी धैर्य की सीमा समाप्त हो चुकी है। ढाई लाख से अधिक ईरानी सड़कों पर उमड़ पड़े, प्री-रिवोल्यूशन “लायन एंड सन” झंडों के समंदर के नीचे—एक प्रतीक जिसे ईरान के भीतर प्रतिबंधित कर दिया गया है, लेकिन प्रवासी समुदाय ने उसे स्मृति और प्रतिरोध के प्रतीक के रूप में पुनर्जीवित कर दिया है। इसी तरह की रैलियाँ लॉस एंजिल्स, टोरंटो, लंदन और दुनिया के अन्य शहरों में भी हुईं। कुल मिलाकर दस लाख से अधिक आवाज़ें एक साथ उठीं।

वे सुधार की भीख नहीं मांग रहे थे। वे अंत की मांग कर रहे थे।

इस जनलहर के केंद्र में थे Reza Pahlavi, निर्वासित क्राउन प्रिंस और ईरान के अंतिम शाह Mohammad Reza Pahlavi के पुत्र। दशकों तक पहलवी राजनीतिक हाशिए पर रहे—गणतंत्रवादियों के लिए बहुत शाही, कट्टर राजतंत्रवादियों के लिए बहुत सुधारवादी, और इस्लामवादियों के लिए बहुत धर्मनिरपेक्ष। लेकिन इतिहास के कुछ क्षण सत्ता-संतुलन को रातोंरात बदल देते हैं। म्यूनिख शायद ऐसा ही एक क्षण था।

1979 की क्रांति के बाद पहली बार ईरानी विपक्ष न केवल ऊर्जावान दिख रहा है—बल्कि एक पहचाने जाने योग्य नेतृत्व के इर्द-गिर्द संगठित भी।


व्यवस्था का धीमा विघटन

इस्लामी गणराज्य, जिसका नेतृत्व सर्वोच्च नेता Ali Khamenei कर रहे हैं, युद्धों, प्रतिबंधों और जनविद्रोहों से बचता आया है। उसने ईरान–इराक युद्ध झेला। उसने 1999 के छात्र आंदोलन से लेकर 2009 के ग्रीन मूवमेंट तक और 2022 में Mahsa Amini की मृत्यु के बाद भड़के राष्ट्रव्यापी प्रदर्शनों तक कई लहरों का सामना किया।

हर बार राज्य ने दमन का सहारा लिया—रिवोल्यूशनरी गार्ड्स, बसिज़ मिलिशिया, और तेहरान की कुख्यात Evin Prison जैसी जेलों में पूछताछ। चुनावों को कड़ी निगरानी में रखा गया। असहमति को अपराध बना दिया गया। आर्थिक कुप्रबंधन ने प्रतिबंधों से हुए नुकसान को और बढ़ा दिया। महंगाई बढ़ी। रियाल गिरा। उच्च शिक्षित और डिजिटल रूप से जुड़े युवा खुद को एक जमे हुए तंत्र में कैद महसूस करने लगे।

बाहरी मोर्चे पर, शासन ने तथाकथित “प्रतिरोध की धुरी” के माध्यम से शक्ति का प्रदर्शन किया, जिसमें Hezbollah, Hamas, और यमन का Houthi movement जैसे समूह शामिल हैं। लेकिन यह रणनीति भारी वित्तीय और कूटनीतिक कीमत पर आई है, जिसने ईरान को और अधिक अलग-थलग कर दिया है।

भीतर से कमजोर, बाहर से तनावग्रस्त और आर्थिक रूप से दबाव में—अब शासन एक ऐसे विकल्प का सामना कर रहा है जिसे वह लंबे समय से टालता रहा है: एक संगठित विकल्प।


म्यूनिख क्यों महत्वपूर्ण है

निर्वासन आंदोलनों में अक्सर विचारधारा और अहंकार के कारण विभाजन हो जाता है। ईरानी प्रवासी समुदाय भी इससे अछूता नहीं रहा है। लेकिन 14 फ़रवरी ने पैमाने और प्रतीकवाद के स्तर पर एक नई तस्वीर पेश की।

यह रैली केवल राजशाही की याद भर नहीं थी। यह स्पष्टता का संकेत थी। पहलवी बार-बार कह चुके हैं कि वे निरंकुश सत्ता नहीं चाहते। वे स्वयं को एक संक्रमणकालीन नेतृत्व के रूप में प्रस्तुत करते हैं, जो जनमत-संग्रह के माध्यम से ईरानियों को अपना भविष्य चुनने का अधिकार देना चाहते हैं—संवैधानिक राजतंत्र, गणराज्य या कोई अन्य व्यवस्था।

राजनीति में धारणा अक्सर वास्तविकता से पहले आकार लेती है। म्यूनिख ने संकेत दिया कि पहलवी अब एक परिधीय आवाज़ नहीं, बल्कि एक वार्ताकार शक्ति हैं।


रक्तहीन परिवर्तन का मार्ग

इतिहास बताता है कि बातचीत के जरिए परिवर्तन—जैसे स्पेन में फ्रांको के बाद या दक्षिण अफ्रीका में रंगभेद के अंत पर—गृहयुद्ध को टाल सकता है।

तेहरान के सामने सच्चाई स्पष्ट है: प्रबंधित परिवर्तन या अनियंत्रित पतन।

एक संभावित ढांचा:

1. 50–50 अंतरिम राष्ट्रीय एकता सरकार

शासन और विपक्ष (पहलवी के नेतृत्व में) के बीच समान प्रतिनिधित्व वाली एक 12 माह की अंतरिम सरकार। इसका कार्य होगा:

  • अर्थव्यवस्था को स्थिर करना

  • नागरिक स्वतंत्रताओं की गारंटी देना

  • स्वतंत्र चुनावों की तैयारी

  • एक संविधान सभा का गठन

संविधान सभा एक नया धर्मनिरपेक्ष, लोकतांत्रिक संविधान तैयार करेगी, जिसे जनमत-संग्रह में प्रस्तुत किया जाएगा।

2. तत्काल रणनीतिक स्थगन

विश्वास बहाली के लिए:

  • परमाणु कार्यक्रम पर रोक

  • बैलिस्टिक मिसाइल विस्तार पर रोक

  • विदेशी सशस्त्र समूहों को वित्तीय और सैन्य सहायता पर रोक

अंतिम निर्णय एक निर्वाचित सरकार करेगी—मुल्लाओं नहीं, जनता की आवाज़ के आधार पर।

3. सत्य और मेल-मिलाप आयोग

क्रांति यदि बदले की आग में बदल जाए, तो नई तानाशाही जन्म ले सकती है। अतः:

  • मानवाधिकार उल्लंघनों की जांच

  • गंभीर अपराधियों पर मुकदमा

  • कम गंभीर मामलों में सशर्त माफी

न्याय कठोर हो, पर अंधा प्रतिशोध नहीं।


अस्वीकार करने का जोखिम

यदि शासन बातचीत से इनकार करता है, तो परिणाम गंभीर हो सकते हैं—सुरक्षा बलों में विभाजन, जातीय तनाव, शरणार्थी संकट, और बाहरी हस्तक्षेप।

दमन अनंत काल तक वैधता का विकल्प नहीं बन सकता। भीतर से दरकती दीवार अंततः गिरती ही है।


रणनीतिक गणना

शासन के लिए बातचीत आत्मसमर्पण नहीं, बल्कि सुरक्षित निकास हो सकती है।
विपक्ष के लिए एकता प्रतीक से आगे बढ़कर समावेशी राजनीति तक पहुंचनी होगी।
अंतरराष्ट्रीय समुदाय के लिए स्थिर ईरान ऊर्जा, सुरक्षा और अप्रसार के लिए महत्वपूर्ण है।


समय कम है

लगभग आधी सदी के शासन के बाद वैधता का प्रश्न फिर उठ खड़ा हुआ है। 14 फ़रवरी केवल एक रैली नहीं, बल्कि राजनीतिक गुरुत्वाकर्षण का परिवर्तन हो सकता है।

पहलवी ने इतिहास की मेज़ पर अपनी जगह ले ली है।
तेहरान को तय करना है—संवाद या संकट।

राष्ट्रों को कभी-कभी परिवर्तन की एक संकरी खिड़की मिलती है।
जब वह बंद होती है, तो धीरे से नहीं, बल्कि धड़ाम से।

ईरान उस खिड़की के सामने खड़ा है।

तेहरान को भविष्य से बातचीत करनी होगी—वरना भविष्य उसे पीछे छोड़ देगा।


Sunday, February 15, 2026

The Iran Solution: Dialogue, Dialogue, and More Dialogue — But First, the Diaspora Must Face the Truth

February 14 March For Iran Across The World

The Iran Solution: Dialogue, Dialogue, and More Dialogue — But First, the Diaspora Must Face the Truth

The path to resolving the Iran crisis is not bombs. It is not sanctions alone. It is not another round of half-hearted negotiations that go nowhere. The only viable solution is dialogue — relentless, prolific, multi-track dialogue at every level. Every nation that can open a channel to Tehran must do so. Compare notes. Separate the unapologetic regime ideologues from the technocrats who might one day help manage a transition. The United States and Iran must talk — repeatedly, in multiple locations, over weeks. Even when the agenda is a mess. Even when Tehran’s opening position is outrageous. The world must see that the effort was made.

But let’s be brutally honest about what those talks are missing.

The Iranian people are not even on the agenda. Or if they are, they are buried at the bottom, an afterthought. That is backwards. A regime must answer to its own citizens. That should be item number one. And the only force capable of forcing it there is the Iranian diaspora — millions of Persians scattered across free societies where they can actually speak and assemble without fear of the noose.

Iran is a nation that was hijacked fourteen centuries ago and remains in chains today. Islam did not arrive in Persia through gentle persuasion. It arrived with the sword: convert or die. It has been sustained by the same logic ever since: obey or die. When young Iranians pour into the streets chanting for freedom, they are not “protesting policy.” They are rejecting the faith that has been welded to the state. The regime’s response is the same as it has always been: if you are not Muslim in the way we define it, you are worthy of death.

That same medieval logic now threatens the entire region. Tehran’s public goal is the destruction of Israel, but the rhetoric and the missiles are not reserved for Jews. The message to the Gulf states — to Dubai, to Doha, to Riyadh — is identical: get in line or we will turn your downtowns into parking lots. The same ultimatum once issued to Persian villagers in the seventh century is now issued to Arab capitals in the twenty-first: submit or burn. Palestinians are given no choice except permanent war; Iran’s “solution” is a single state soaked in Jewish blood.

The Supreme Leader cannot grant liberty. He does not possess it himself. He is a slave to the very ideology he enforces. He imposes tyranny because he lives under it. You cannot petition a man in spiritual bondage for the keys to freedom.

This is the conversation the Iranian diaspora refuses to have in full. They march, they tweet, they raise money, they plead with Western governments. Yet the one unavoidable, explosive dialogue — the one about Islam itself — remains largely off-limits. Too many still treat the regime as a political aberration that can be reformed, rather than the inevitable political expression of a faith whose foundational logic is submission or death.

Islam is not a cousin of Judaism and Christianity. It is an anti-religion — a deliberate distortion. Allah is not the God of Abraham. The God of the Bible enters history, redeems, loves, liberates. Allah demands obedience, threatens, and stays distant. There is no record of Muhammad prophesying in the manner of the Hebrew prophets. There is conquest, there is dictation, there is empire. The diaspora must confront this reality head-on: the bond that holds Iran captive is not merely political; it is spiritual. Each Iranian has the personal power to break it.

The Ayatollah cannot add human rights, free speech, or liberty to any negotiation because he does not own those things. He is not their custodian; he is their enemy. The only people who can put the Iranian people at the center of the agenda are Iranians themselves — especially those living in freedom.

The diaspora is not doing enough. Petitions to the regime are a fool’s errand. Appeals to the conscience of men who believe dissent equals apostasy are pointless. The real work is internal, uncomfortable, and urgent: a sustained, public conversation among Persians worldwide about the nature of the faith that has ruled them for 1,400 years.

Dialogue with Tehran? Yes — keep the channels open, expose every evasion, document every lie. But the decisive dialogue is the one Iranians must have with each other, in London, Los Angeles, Toronto, and Berlin. Until they are willing to name the root — the theological stranglehold that turns protest into blasphemy and disagreement into treason — the regime will survive every sanction, every round of talks, and every missile exchange.

The Persian people are ancient, proud, and capable of greatness. They deserve better than to be ruled by men who mistake the voice of the Devil for the voice of God. The diaspora holds the microphone. It is time to use it.

Saturday, February 14, 2026

February 14 March For Iran Across The World

Wednesday, February 11, 2026

Advocating for Dialogue Over War: A Vision for a Democratic Iran


Advocating for Dialogue Over War: A Vision for a Democratic IranIn an era of escalating tensions in the Middle East, the path forward must prioritize dialogue over conflict. I stand firmly for dialogue—not war—with Iran, among Iranians, and with the global community. This approach is essential to foster genuine change, ensuring that any steps toward democracy are owned by Iranians themselves, rather than imposed from outside.The Role of the Iranian Diaspora in Championing DemocracyThe Iranian diaspora represents a powerful force for change, free from the oppressive structures that plague Iran itself. There is no Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC) or Basij militia in the diaspora; instead, it is a space for open expression and action. The diaspora must take to the streets in capitals and cities worldwide, marching for democracy and freedom, as seen recently in Berlin and London.
Should military intervention ever become necessary, it cannot be perceived as an American imposition. Democracy must be an Iranian project from the outset. The United States, as the only power capable of providing significant support, would merely step in to assist. Iranian ownership is crucial at every stage to ensure legitimacy and sustainability.Expanding Dialogue: From Bilateral to Multilateral EngagementDialogue with Iran should begin bilaterally, but if that fails, it must expand to multilateral forums. Iran's aggressive posture extends beyond Israel to its other neighbors, such as the UAE and Qatar, which face threats when the regime senses pressure from the U.S. This mirrors the regime's treatment of its own citizens: comply or face repression.
The Islamic Republic's stance on Palestine is equally revealing. It has never supported a two-state solution or peaceful coexistence. Instead, Palestine serves as a strategic beachhead for attacks aimed at Israel's destruction—a position openly declared and heavily funded.
Hamas, as the regime's proxy in Gaza, embodies this tyranny. Its methods, both historically and presently, reflect the same coercive tactics used against Iranians and neighbors alike.The Roots of Tyranny: A Critique of IslamAt the heart of this tyranny lies Islam itself—a fact many are reluctant to confront. The Islamic Republic's oppression of its population, neighbors, and even Palestinians stems from Islamic doctrines. For those seeking evidence of an active spiritual evil, Islam provides it. Its spread, including to Iran, was through conquest: convert or die. Today, Iran remains Muslim under the same threat: stay faithful or face death. This is not the way of a benevolent God but of deception.
Most Muslims view Allah as the compassionate creator, yet Allah is not God. God is omnipotent and enters human history; Allah does not. Islam, I argue, is a construct of the Devil, designed for those who reject atheism but can be misled. It attacks the foundations of true faiths: denying Judaism by calling for the death of Jews, and undermining Christianity by rejecting the crucifixion and resurrection.
Islam distorts core concepts—God, paradise, Judgment Day, and even death, promoting a love of death that is antithetical to genuine religion. The greatest deception is Muhammad himself. Historical records show no verifiable prophecies attributed to him, unlike true prophets.Envisioning a Democratic Iran with Religious FreedomThe democratic republic of Iran I envision embraces freedom of religion. Individuals may choose to become Muslim without coercion, and there should be no penalties for rejecting or leaving Islam. This ethos must begin in the Iranian diaspora now, through open dialogue about Islam's role in tyranny. The Ayatollah is not the root cause; he is enslaved to deeper spiritual forces. True liberation requires addressing this spiritual tyranny.Global Involvement: Opportunities Through DialogueDialogue offers immense potential. Involve Russia—Putin, an Orthodox Christian who affirms the crucifixion and resurrection, could engage the Ayatollah on these matters, though the regime's rigidity has historically blocked such exchanges. The Ayatollah's worldview is unyielding, fixated on tyranny, death, and destruction.
China, too, stands to gain. The economic instability it fears from the Islamic Republic would dissipate with a democratic Iran, creating a vibrant trading partner. China's merchant class would thrive in such an environment.
Existing diplomatic channels—mid-level talks between Iran and neighbors like the UAE, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Oman, and Kuwait—should be fully exploited. Engagement itself is progress; use it to set agendas, reason, and broaden discussions. Even if war looms, exhaustive efforts at dialogue must precede it—not as a formality, but as a sincere attempt to reason.
Iran differs from cases like Venezuela; it requires a full regime collapse, not a swift operation. The diaspora must lead visibly, marching for democracy worldwide to underscore Iranian agency.
In conclusion, dialogue is the antidote to war and tyranny. It must permeate every level—from the diaspora confronting Islam's role to global powers engaging the regime. Only through such comprehensive efforts can a free, democratic Iran emerge, owned by its people and beneficial to the world.



The Role and Impact of Iranian Diaspora ProtestsThe Iranian diaspora plays a pivotal role in advocating for democracy and freedom in Iran, serving as a vocal extension of the domestic resistance against the Islamic Republic's regime. Free from the direct threats of the IRGC or Basij militia, diaspora communities organize marches and rallies in major global cities to amplify calls for regime change, human rights, and a secular democratic republic. These protests not only raise international awareness but also foster unity among Iranians abroad, emphasizing that change must be an Iranian-led project. Recent demonstrations, particularly in Europe, highlight this momentum, drawing thousands and sometimes tens of thousands of participants despite harsh weather and occasional counter-protests. Recent Examples in Berlin and LondonIn early 2026, the Iranian diaspora has been particularly active in Berlin and London, organizing large-scale rallies in solidarity with ongoing uprisings in Iran. These events often coincide with significant anniversaries, such as the 1979 revolution, and feature chants rejecting both monarchical restoration and theocratic rule, while promoting a democratic alternative. For instance, on February 7, 2026, thousands gathered in Berlin to express solidarity with Iran's protests, calling for regime change without war and highlighting the regime's crackdowns. Estimates varied, with some reports indicating up to 80,000 participants waving Iranian flags and banners at Brandenburg Gate. Protesters, including exiles from across Europe, emphasized themes like "Woman, Life, Freedom" and denounced the regime's tyranny.

Similarly, in London, a rally on January 31, 2026, saw members of the diaspora voicing opposition to the government's crackdowns, with emotional displays of anger and calls for international support. Clashes occurred during a January 16, 2026, protest, leading to injuries and arrests, including assaults on police and protesters. One dramatic incident involved a protester ripping down the Iranian flag at the embassy, symbolizing defiance against the regime.

To provide a clearer overview, here is a summary of key recent diaspora protests in these cities:
Date
Location
Estimated Attendees
Key Themes/Slogans
Notable Details
January 10, 2026
Berlin
Thousands
Secular Iran, democracy
Demonstrations against the Islamic regime, with broad ethnic participation.
January 13, 2026
London (and Berlin, Paris)
Hundreds to thousands
Solidarity with Iran protests, return of Reza Pahlavi or European support
Calls for more EU involvement in supporting Iranian uprisings.
January 16, 2026
London
Thousands
Regime crackdown opposition
Violent clashes with injuries and 14 arrests.
January 31, 2026
London
Not specified
Opposition to crackdowns
Central London rally focusing on human rights.
February 7, 2026
Berlin
Up to 100,000+
No to Shah, no to Mullahs; Democratic Republic
Massive turnout defying cold, with political figures; chants for regime change.

These protests underscore the diaspora's commitment to non-violent advocacy, often facing harassment from pro-regime or unrelated groups, such as pro-Palestinian counter-protesters in London. Women have played leading roles in organizing, reflecting the gender dynamics of Iran's domestic movements. Broader European rallies in 2026 have seen participation from diverse communities, with Germany hosting the most events—27 rallies in just ten days in January. Significance and Broader ContextDiaspora protests are crucial for maintaining global pressure on the regime, especially amid Iran's internet blackouts and massacres during the 2025–2026 protests. They promote Iranian ownership of democratic change, rejecting external impositions while seeking supportive alliances. Many rallies support figures like Maryam Rajavi or Reza Pahlavi, but a common thread is the call for a democratic republic with religious freedom. As the regime's end appears nearer, these gatherings build unprecedented solidarity, turning exile into a force for liberation.



Key Figures in the Iranian Diaspora ProtestsThe 2026 Iranian diaspora protests have been galvanized by a diverse array of exiled leaders, activists, and public figures who advocate for regime change, democracy, and human rights in Iran. These individuals, often based in the US, Europe, or elsewhere, have used their platforms to amplify domestic unrest, organize international rallies, and call for global intervention against the Islamic Republic's crackdown. While there is no single centralized leadership, prominent voices span monarchists, human rights advocates, opposition group leaders, and celebrities. Below is an overview of key figures, highlighting their backgrounds, roles, and contributions to the movement.Reza PahlaviReza Pahlavi, the exiled Crown Prince and son of Iran's last Shah, Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, has emerged as the most prominent figure in the diaspora protests. Based in the United States, he advocates for a secular, democratic Iran determined by referendum, rejecting a direct return to monarchy but symbolizing nationalistic resistance for many. Pahlavi has been vocal in supporting protesters, urging them to maintain street control, set up barricades, and join unified demonstrations. He has called for international military intervention to protect civilians and endorsed global "days of action" in cities like Munich, Toronto, and Los Angeles. His popularity is evident in chants of "Javid Shah" (Long Live the King) at rallies, though support varies among ethnic minorities. Surveys indicate about one-third of Iranians strongly back him, with his influence growing amid the regime's weakening.
Maryam RajaviMaryam Rajavi, co-leader of the People's Mojahedin Organization of Iran (MEK) and president-elect of the National Council of Resistance of Iran, represents a leftist-Islamic opposition faction in exile. Based in France, she has condemned the regime's crackdowns, warning security forces of future accountability in a free Iran. Rajavi has praised protesters for instilling fear in the regime and has been a key organizer of diaspora events. However, her group faces criticism from monarchists and others for its ideological roots, leading to schisms within the opposition. Despite this, she remains influential among certain segments of the diaspora.
Shirin EbadiShirin Ebadi, a Nobel Peace Prize laureate and human rights lawyer exiled since 2009, has been a staunch critic of the regime's violence. She condemned security forces for shooting unarmed protesters and called for international intervention to halt the bloodshed. Ebadi's advocacy focuses on human rights violations, and her voice carries weight in global forums, bridging diaspora efforts with international diplomacy. Her calls align with broader pleas for foreign support amid the protests' high death toll.
Masih AlinejadMasih Alinejad, a prominent women's rights activist and journalist living in exile in the US, has mobilized global attention through campaigns like "My Stealthy Freedom" against compulsory hijab laws. During the 2026 protests, she urged US intervention to disrupt the regime's infrastructure and protect demonstrators. Alinejad's social media presence amplifies voices from inside Iran, making her a key connector between domestic unrest and diaspora advocacy.
Other Notable Figures
  • Abdullah Mohtadi: Leader of the Komala Party of Iranian Kurdistan, advocating for ethnic minority rights and calling for regime collapse through intervention.
  • Googoosh and Nazanin Boniadi: Celebrities using their fame to rally support; Googoosh, a music icon, and Boniadi, an actress, have spoken out against repression amid internet blackouts.
  • Narges Mohammadi: Another Nobel laureate, though some diaspora voices argue she does not fully represent the protesters' anti-regime sentiment.
These figures highlight the fragmented yet united front against the Islamic Republic. While ideological divides exist—e.g., between monarchists like Pahlavi's supporters and groups like the MEK— their collective calls for intervention and democracy underscore Iranian ownership of the movement.
Figure
Background
Key Contributions
Faction/Affiliation
Reza Pahlavi
Exiled Crown Prince, US-based
Calls for unified protests, intervention; symbolic leader for regime change
Monarchist/nationalist
Maryam Rajavi
MEK co-leader, France-based
Warnings to security forces; organizing resistance
Leftist-Islamic opposition
Shirin Ebadi
Nobel laureate, lawyer
Condemns violence; advocates human rights and intervention
Human rights advocate
Masih Alinejad
Journalist, activist, US-based
Campaigns against hijab laws; urges US action
Women's rights
Abdullah Mohtadi
Kurdish party leader
Ethnic rights advocacy; calls for collapse
Kurdish opposition



Reza Pahlavi's Strategy for Regime Change in IranReza Pahlavi, the exiled Crown Prince of Iran and son of the last Shah, Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, has positioned himself as a leading figure in the opposition to the Islamic Republic. Living in the United States since the 1979 revolution, he advocates for a secular, democratic Iran determined by popular referendum. His strategy, developed over decades but intensified amid the 2025–2026 protests (dubbed the "Lion and Sun Revolution"), focuses on unifying Iranians, mobilizing protests, facilitating a peaceful transition, and securing international support to topple the regime. This approach emphasizes Iranian self-determination while rejecting direct power grabs, though critics argue it risks centralizing authority. Below is an exploration of his strategy, drawing from his public statements, plans, and actions.1. Unifying the Opposition and Building a Broad CoalitionPahlavi's strategy begins with fostering unity among Iran's fragmented opposition, including ethnic minorities, political ideologies (from left to right), and diaspora groups. He views division as the regime's greatest weapon and has convened large gatherings to bridge gaps.
  • Key Initiatives:
    • In July 2025, he hosted the largest gathering of Iranian dissidents in Munich, uniting monarchists, republicans, and regional representatives around four core principles: preserving Iran's territorial integrity, individual freedoms and equality, secular democracy (separation of religion and state), and the people's right to choose their government form.
    • This led to the launch of the Iran Prosperity Project (IPP), a blueprint for rebuilding Iran post-regime, covering political transition, economic stability, security reform, and resource management (e.g., energy and water).
    • He established a defections platform to encourage regime insiders (e.g., military and security forces) to switch sides, with tens of thousands signing up by late 2025.
  • Rationale: Pahlavi argues that a united front under a national flag (the pre-1979 Lion and Sun) counters regime attempts at division. In a February 2026 post, he praised protesters for embodying "solidarity, empathy, and national unity" across dialects, religions, and regions.
2. Mobilizing Protests and Domestic PressureA cornerstone of Pahlavi's strategy is escalating non-violent but disruptive actions inside Iran to weaken the regime's control.
  • Calls to Action:
    • He has urged nationwide strikes, particularly by petroleum workers (echoing 1978 tactics that crippled the economy), and encouraged taking and holding central streets.
    • In January 2026, he declared a "new phase of the national uprising," targeting regime propaganda institutions and communication apparatuses as "legitimate targets." He called on state employees and security forces to defect or face "lasting shame."
    • Recent efforts include the Iran Rising website, launched in late 2025, to scale the movement with millions signing up for coordinated actions.
  • Response to Repression: Amid reports of over 35,000 protester deaths, Pahlavi emphasizes resilience, warning that internet blackouts should trigger more street takeovers. He uses satellite tech like Starlink and networks like Iran International to maintain communication.
  • Global Mobilization: For the diaspora, he promotes "Global Days of Action," such as February 14, 2026, to pressure international communities. Demands include breaking the regime's repression machine, protecting protesters, and recognizing a transitional government under his leadership.
3. Transition Plan: From Emergency to DemocracyPahlavi positions himself as a "caretaker" leader for a transitional period, not a permanent ruler. His roadmap aims for a swift shift to democracy, avoiding chaos.
  • Emergency Phase Booklet (2024–2025): Released in 2024 and updated, this 100–180-day plan post-regime collapse establishes interim institutions resembling legislative, executive, and judicial branches under a unified leader. It focuses on stabilizing essential services, reforming the military, and preparing for elections.
    • Promises a referendum within four months on restoring monarchy or establishing a parliamentary republic.
    • Critics, like the Free Iran Scholars Network, argue it concentrates power under an unelected leader, postponing pluralism and risking authoritarianism.
  • Post-Transition Vision: End military nuclear programs, normalize relations (e.g., with Oman and Israel), and promote economic vibrancy. Pahlavi envisions a "free Iran" as a regional stabilizer, rejecting the regime's "confrontation doctrine."
4. Securing International SupportPahlavi's strategy relies on external backing to amplify domestic efforts, framing regime change as beneficial for global security.
  • Diplomatic Efforts: He has intensified outreach, contributing to UN snapback sanctions and meeting figures like UK MPs and EU officials. In a January 2026 Washington Post op-ed, he outlined his plan and vision.
  • Calls for Intervention: Urges targeted strikes on IRGC command centers to protect protesters, financial aid for strikers, and recognition of a transitional government. He rejects deals with the regime, stating the "only acceptable deal is one in which the Islamic Republic surrenders to the people of Iran."
  • US Focus: In interviews (e.g., with Hugh Hewitt in February 2026), he discusses US aid for freedom and economic ties with a free Iran.
Challenges and Criticisms
  • Support Base: Popular among diaspora and some protesters (chants of "Javid Shah"), but limited inside Iran due to generational gaps and ethnic concerns. Surveys show about one-third strong backing.
  • Risks: Reliance on foreign intervention could undermine legitimacy, and the plan's emergency powers raise dictatorship fears.
  • Regime Resilience: Protests have weakened the regime, but containment tactics (repression, economic signals) persist.
Recent Developments (as of February 11, 2026)
  • Preparing for February 14 Global Day of Action, urging unity and discipline.
  • Arabic outreach to neighbors like Oman, promising restored ties.
  • Emphasizing faith in victory: "This time, the world will stand with you."
Pahlavi's strategy is pragmatic yet ambitious, blending internal mobilization with external leverage. Success hinges on sustained protests, defections, and global action, potentially reshaping the Middle East.


Maryam Rajavi's Strategy for Regime Change in IranMaryam Rajavi, the President-elect of the National Council of Resistance of Iran (NCRI) and leader of the People's Mojahedin Organization of Iran (MEK), has been a central figure in the Iranian opposition since the 1980s. Exiled in France, she advocates for a secular, democratic republic in Iran, emphasizing that change must come from within through organized resistance rather than foreign intervention. Her strategy, refined amid the 2025–2026 uprisings (which she describes as a "decisive phase" with over 40,000 protester deaths), focuses on empowering Iranians to overthrow the Islamic Republic while outlining a clear path to democracy. This approach rejects both appeasement of the regime and external war, positioning the NCRI as the guarantor of a stable transition.
1. The "Third Option": Regime Change by IraniansRajavi's core strategy is the "Third Option," introduced over two decades ago: regime change driven by the Iranian people and their organized resistance, without reliance on foreign military action or negotiations with the regime. She argues that the Islamic Republic cannot be reformed—its constitution embeds terrorism and fundamentalism—and that spontaneous collapse is unlikely. Instead, change requires a "combat-ready resistance" capable of confronting the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC). Rajavi emphasizes Iranian agency: "Regime change can only be achieved by the Iranian people themselves." This rejects U.S. or Western-led interventions, focusing on internal forces while seeking international support to remove obstacles like sanctions relief for the regime. 2. Organized Resistance and Domestic MobilizationRajavi's plan relies on the MEK's "Resistance Units"—networks of activists inside Iran that organize protests, document abuses, and amplify calls for regime change. These units transform localized grievances into a nationwide movement, commemorating martyrs and promoting her vision. She warns regime forces of future accountability, urging defections to avoid "lasting shame." In the 2025–2026 protests, Rajavi hailed the "Uprising Army" of freedom fighters, noting the uprising's organization and explicit goal of overthrow as distinguishing it from prior waves. The NCRI unites diverse opposition groups, including ethnic minorities, under principles like territorial integrity and secular democracy. Rajavi promotes unity among all nationalities, advocating a federal system for justice. 3. Ten-Point Plan for a Democratic IranPresented in 2006 and reiterated amid recent events, this blueprint outlines Rajavi's vision for post-regime Iran: a non-nuclear, secular republic with equality and freedoms. It has garnered U.S. congressional support and is seen as a "powerful political tool" for transition.
Point
Description
1. Universal suffrage and free elections
Pluralistic system based on popular vote.
2. Freedom of speech and assembly
Abolish censorship and dismantle repression apparatus.
3. Separation of religion and state
Reject compulsory religion; freedom for all beliefs.
4. Gender equality
Full rights in political, social, cultural, and economic spheres; abolish discriminatory laws.
5. Ethnic and national equality
Autonomy within Iran's integrity; federal system for diversity.
6. Abolition of death penalty
Humane penal code aligned with international standards.
7. Market economy
Equal opportunity, employment, environmental protection.
8. Peaceful foreign policy
Based on coexistence, international peace, and regional cooperation.
9. Non-nuclear Iran
Reject nuclear weapons and WMDs.
10. Judicial independence
Independent judges, right to defense, public trials.
4. Transition RoadmapPost-overthrow, Rajavi envisions a six-month provisional government led by the NCRI to stabilize the country and organize free elections for a constituent assembly. This assembly would draft a constitution and hold legislative elections, ensuring a "clean break" to democracy without chaos. Key steps include dissolving the IRGC, reviving human rights, and normalizing relations. Rajavi stresses a "democratic alternative with a clear structure" to avoid power vacuums. 5. Response to the 2025–2026 UprisingsRajavi has framed the protests as a "turning point," with the regime's mass killings (premeditated, per classified documents) accelerating its downfall. In op-eds and speeches (e.g., Berlin rally on February 7, 2026), she declared the "countdown to overthrow has begun," linking it to the 1979 revolution. She calls for recognizing protesters' right to self-defense against the IRGC. 6. International AdvocacyRajavi urges global powers to designate the IRGC as terrorists, expel diplomats, and support the resistance without direct involvement. In interviews and conferences (e.g., Berlin, February 2026), she critiques Western delays, which she says prolonged suffering. She seeks accountability for regime crimes and backs sanctions, arguing a democratic Iran would stabilize the region. 7. Challenges and CriticismsThe MEK faces controversy, including ideological divides with other opposition factions (e.g., monarchists) and accusations of cult-like structure. Support is strong among some diaspora but limited inside Iran due to regime propaganda. Critics warn of "fake alternatives" amplified by AI, but Rajavi insists on elections as the benchmark. Despite repression, she claims the regime's "strategic failures" make overthrow inevitable. As of February 11, 2026, Rajavi's strategy positions the NCRI as a ready alternative, with recent events like the Berlin conference underscoring momentum toward a democratic Iran.